Working Paper

Words That Matter: Analyzing the Causal Effect of Words

Alain Lemaire, Mingzhang Yin and Oded Netzer

May 19, 2025

Develops a Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) modeling approach to control possible confounds of text and context and isolate the causal effect of specific words on reader engagement, charitable donations and crowdsource funding.

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